> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://ttp.parzival.sh/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://ttp.parzival.sh/pentesting/infrastructure/networks/segmentation_testing_notes.md).

# Segmentation Testing

When performing segmentation tests for PCI compliance, there aside from my Nmap scans there are a few things I've wanted to keep jotted down. This section contains my notes.

Below are some basic commands to use while performing segmentation testing.\
It should be noted that these should be modified in order to be more thorough. 

####  ICMP

```bash
nmap -sn $subnet -oA ICMP_Check
```

#### TCP

```bash
nmap -sS -Pn -p- $subnet -oA TCP_Scan 
```

#### UDP

```bash
nmap -sU -Pn --top-ports 1000 $subnet -oA UDP_Scan
```

#### IPv6

```bash
nmap -6 $ipv6address -oA IPv6_Scan
```

### Reporting

The following table is an example of how to report the results of a segmentation test:

| IP Address | Port | Protocol | Service |
| ---------- | ---- | -------- | ------- |
| 10.1.1.1   | 53   | tcp      | DNS     |
| 10.2.2.2   | 80   | tcp      | HTTP    |
| 10.3.3.3   | 445  | tcp      | SMB     |

### Notes

* When performing a segmentation test against FortiGate devices, port 113/TCP may appear against every host as: `closed`. This is not a firewall misconfiguration. [This documentation](https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD48365) details more on this issue.
* When a port appears as `open|filtered` after performing a UDP scan, try running the following to verify if it is open:

```bash
nmap -sUC -p $port $ipaddress
```

{% hint style="warning" %}
Segmentation tests should note **all** open ports regardless of the business use case. If a business needs a port open, jusitifcation should be provided in the report.
{% endhint %}